Posted 1:35am CT Jan 13, 2008 in Minneapolis

Researched and written by Gloriscope staff

1987: Pope John Paul II received in Vatican the leader of the Polish Communist regime, General Jaruzelski.

1974: Serafim was elected Greek Orthodox Archbishop of Athens and All Greece. – He remained at that post until his death in 1998.

1964: Karol Wojtyla, the future Pope John Paul II, became Archbishop of Krakow in Poland.

1938: The Church of England accepted the theory of evolution and made belief in the virgin birth of Jesus Christ optional. - This was done in its document Doctrine in the Church of England: The Report of the Commission on Christian Doctrine. The Commission was chaired by William Temple.

1913: Pope Pius X forbade showing of films in churches, including films with a religious content.

1887: Birth of the German evangelical Lutheran theologian Friedrich Gogarten, founder of dialectical theology, who opposed Karl Barth. - He died in 1967.

1883: Death of the German Jesuit theologian Josef Kleutgen, a great defender of Neo-Scholasticism.

1883: Death of the German Jesuit theologian Joseph Kleutgen, who influenced Pope Leo XII to order in his encyclical Aeterni Patris (1879) the study of Thomas Aquinas in Catholic schools and seminaries.

1691: Death of the Englishman George Fox, a founder of the Society of Friends (Quakers). – Fox and his followers (called “Children of Light” or “Friends of Truth”) believed in God’s truth, love, and a priesthood of all believers. Fox was convicted of blasphemy. During one of his court trials, Fox warned the judge that even he must tremble and quake at the word of God. The judge asked Fox if he was a “quaker” and Fox quickly accepted the word. The nickname “Quaker” stuck and became accepted by the Society of Friends. One of Fox’s friends was William Penn, who had a vision of a “Holy Experiment” based on the Quaker principles of love, truth and freedom of religion. William Penn emigrated from England to North America and became the founder of Pennsylvania, which is now a State in the eastern United States.

1635: Birth of the German Lutheran theologian Philipp Jacob Spener, one of the leading representatives of Pietism (a Christian spiritual outlook). - He published his detailed program for a reform of the German Lutheran church in his most important book Pia Desideria oder Herzliches Verlangen nach gottgefälliger Besserung der wahren evangelischen Kirche (Pia Desideria or a Sincere Desire for a God-Honoring Improvement of the True Evangelical Church), published in 1675.

1544: The Swedish King Gustav I Vasa and the Swedish national assembly of nobles officially declared Sweden as an “evangelical” (Protestant) kingdom. - After this decision, pilgrimages and veneration of saints were prohibited and crucifixes were removed from the walls in Swedish churches.

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TO GOD BE ALL THE GLORY!

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